ترجمة سورة المجادلة

Muhsin Khan - English translation

ترجمة معاني سورة المجادلة باللغة الإنجليزية من كتاب Muhsin Khan - English translation.

Al-Mujadilah


Indeed Allah has heard the statement of her (Khaulah bint Tha'labah) that disputes with you (O Muhammad SAW) concerning her husband (Aus bin As-Samit), and complains to Allah. And Allah hears the argument between you both. Verily, Allah is All-Hearer, All-Seer.

Those among you who make their wives unlawful (Az-Zihar) to them by saying to them "You are like my mother's back." They cannot be their mothers. None can be their mothers except those who gave them birth. And verily, they utter an ill word and a lie. And verily, Allah is Oft-Pardoning, Oft-Forgiving.

And those who make unlawful to them (their wives) (by Az-Zihar) and wish to free themselves from what they uttered, (the penalty) in that case (is) the freeing of a slave before they touch each other. That is an admonition to you (so that you may not return to such an ill thing). And Allah is All-Aware of what you do.

And he who finds not (the money for freeing a slave) must fast two successive months before they both touch each other. And for him who is unable to do so, he should feed sixty of Miskin (poor). That is in order that you may have perfect Faith in Allah and His Messenger. These are the limits set by Allah. And for disbelievers, there is a painful torment.

Verily, those who oppose Allah and His Messenger (Muhammad SAW) will be disgraced, as those before them (among the past nation), were disgraced. And We have sent down clear Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.). And for the disbelievers is a disgracing torment.

On the Day when Allah will resurrect them all together (i.e. the Day of Resurrection) and inform them of what they did. Allah has kept account of it, while they have forgotten it. And Allah is Witness over all things.

Have you not seen that Allah knows whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is on the earth? There is no Najwa (secret counsel) of three, but He is their fourth (with His Knowledge, while He Himself is over the Throne, over the seventh heaven), nor of five but He is their sixth (with His Knowledge), not of less than that or more, but He is with them (with His Knowledge) wheresoever they may be; and afterwards on the Day of Resurrection, He will inform them of what they did. Verily, Allah is the All-Knower of everything.

Have you not seen those who were forbidden to hold secret counsels, and afterwards returned to that which they had been forbidden, and conspired together for sin and wrong doing and disobedience to the Messenger (Muhammad SAW). And when they come to you, they greet you with a greeting wherewith Allah greets you not, and say within themselves: "Why should Allah punish us not for what we say?" Hell will be sufficient for them, they will burn therein, and worst indeed is that destination!

O you who believe! When you hold secret counsel, do it not for sin and wrong-doing, and disobedience towards the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) but do it for Al-Birr (righteousness) and Taqwa (virtues and piety); and fear Allah unto Whom you shall be gathered.

Secret counsels (conspiracies) are only from Shaitan (Satan), in order that he may cause grief to the believers. But he cannot harm them in the least, except as Allah permits, and in Allah let the believers put their trust.

O you who believe! When you are told to make room in the assemblies, (spread out and) make room. Allah will give you (ample) room (from His Mercy). And when you are told to rise up [for prayers, Jihad (holy fighting in Allah's Cause), or for any other good deed], rise up. Allah will exalt in degree those of you who believe, and those who have been granted knowledge. And Allah is Well-Acquainted with what you do.

O you who believe! When you (want to) consult the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) in private, spend something in charity before your private consultation. That will be better and purer for you. But if you find not (the means for it), then verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation (with him)? If then you do it not, and Allah has forgiven you, then (at least) perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat) and give Zakat and obey Allah (i.e. do all what Allah and His Prophet SAW order you to do). And Allah is All-Aware of what you do.

Have you (O Muhammad SAW) not seen those (hypocrites) who take for friends a people upon whom is the Wrath of Allah (i.e. Jews)? They are neither of you (Muslims) nor of them (Jews), and they swear to a lie while they know.

Allah has prepared for them a severe torment. Evil indeed is that which they used to do.

They have made their oaths a screen (for their evil actions). Thus they hinder (men) from the Path of Allah, so they shall have a humiliating torment.

Their children and their wealth will avail them nothing against Allah. They will be (the) dwellers of the Fire, to dwell therein forever.

On the Day when Allah will resurrect them all together (for their account), then they will swear to Him as they swear to you (O Muslims). And they think that they have something (to stand upon). Verily, they are liars!

Shaitan (Satan) has overtaken them. So he has made them forget the remembrance of Allah. They are the party of Shaitan (Satan). Verily, it is the party of Shaitan (Satan) that will be the losers!

Those who oppose Allah and His Messenger (Muhammad SAW), they will be among the lowest (most humiliated).

Allah has decreed: "Verily! It is I and My Messengers who shall be the victorious." Verily, Allah is All-Powerful, All-Mighty.

You (O Muhammad SAW) will not find any people who believe in Allah and the Last Day, making friendship with those who oppose Allah and His Messenger (Muhammad SAW), even though they were their fathers, or their sons, or their brothers, or their kindred (people). For such He has written Faith in their hearts, and strengthened them with Ruh (proofs, light and true guidance) from Himself. And We will admit them to Gardens (Paradise) under which rivers flow, to dwell therein (forever). Allah is pleased with them, and they with Him. They are the Party of Allah. Verily, it is the Party of Allah that will be the successful.
سورة المجادلة
معلومات السورة
الكتب
الفتاوى
الأقوال
التفسيرات

سورة (المجادلة) من السُّوَر المدنية، نزَلتْ لتحريم عادةٍ من عادات الجاهلية؛ وهي (الظِّهار)، وذلك في حادثةِ مظاهرة أوسِ بن الصامت مِن زوجِه خَوْلةَ، وقد جاءت السورةُ بمقصدٍ عظيم؛ وهو إثبات علمِ الله، وإحاطتِه بكل شيء، ومِن كمال ألوهيته سبحانه: الحُكْمُ العدل فيما يصلُحُ لهم من الشرائع، وخُتمت السورة ببيان حال أعداء الله، وحالِ أوليائه.

ترتيبها المصحفي
58
نوعها
مدنية
ألفاظها
475
ترتيب نزولها
105
العد المدني الأول
28
العد المدني الأخير
28
العد البصري
29
العد الكوفي
29
العد الشامي
28

* قوله تعالى: {قَدْ سَمِعَ اْللَّهُ قَوْلَ اْلَّتِي تُجَٰدِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَا وَتَشْتَكِيٓ إِلَى اْللَّهِ وَاْللَّهُ يَسْمَعُ تَحَاوُرَكُمَآۚ إِنَّ اْللَّهَ سَمِيعُۢ بَصِيرٌ} [المجادلة: 1]:

عن عائشةَ أمِّ المؤمنين رضي الله عنها، قالت: «الحمدُ للهِ الذي وَسِعَ سَمْعُه الأصواتَ، لقد جاءت خَوْلةُ إلى رسولِ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم تشكو زوجَها، فكان يَخفَى عليَّ كلامُها؛ فأنزَلَ اللهُ عز وجل: {قَدْ سَمِعَ اْللَّهُ قَوْلَ اْلَّتِي تُجَٰدِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَا} [المجادلة: 1] إلى آخرِ الآيةِ». أخرجه النسائي (٣٤٦٠)، وابن ماجه (١٨٨).

* قوله تعالى: {وَإِذَا جَآءُوكَ حَيَّوْكَ بِمَا لَمْ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ اْللَّهُ} [المجادلة: 8]:

عن عبدِ اللهِ بن عمرٍو رضي الله عنهما، قال: «إنَّ اليهودَ كانوا يقولون لرسولِ اللهِ ﷺ: سامٌ عليك! ثم يقولون في أنفسِهم: {لَوْلَا يُعَذِّبُنَا اْللَّهُ بِمَا نَقُولُۚ} [المجادلة: 8]؛ فنزَلتْ هذه الآيةُ: {وَإِذَا جَآءُوكَ حَيَّوْكَ بِمَا لَمْ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ اْللَّهُ} [المجادلة: 8] إلى آخرِ الآيةِ». أخرجه أحمد (٦٥٨٩).

* قوله تعالى: {وَيَحْلِفُونَ عَلَى اْلْكَذِبِ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ} [المجادلة: 14]:

عن عبدِ اللهِ بن عباسٍ رضي الله عنهما، قال: «قال رسولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم: «يدخُلُ عليكم رجُلٌ ينظُرُ بعينِ شيطانٍ، أو بعَيْنَيْ شيطانٍ»، قال: فدخَلَ رجُلٌ أزرَقُ، فقال: يا مُحمَّدُ، علامَ سبَبْتَني -أو: شتَمْتَني، أو نحوَ هذا-؟ قال: وجعَلَ يَحلِفُ، قال: فنزَلتْ هذه الآيةُ في المجادلةِ: {وَيَحْلِفُونَ عَلَى اْلْكَذِبِ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ} [المجادلة: 14]، والآيةُ الأخرى». أخرجه أحمد (٢١٤٧).

قال محقِّقو "المسند" (4 /48): «قوله: «فقال: يا مُحمَّدُ، علامَ سبَبْتَني؟»؛ كذا جاء في جميع الأصول، وكذلك هو في "مسند البزار"، وزيادة: «يا محمد» - كما قال الشيخُ أحمد شاكر- خطأٌ ينافي السياق؛ فإن الذي نُسِب إليه السبُّ والشَّتم هنا هو المنافقُ الأزرق، ورسولُ الله يَسأله ويتَّهِمُه، وهو يَحلِف كاذبًا يَتبرَّأ من التُّهمة، وقد جاء في "تفسير الطبري" على الصواب بإسقاطِ هذه الزيادة، وسيأتي على الصواب أيضًا عند أحمد (2407)»، انظر السبب الآتي.

* قوله تعالى: {يَوْمَ يَبْعَثُهُمُ اْللَّهُ جَمِيعٗا فَيَحْلِفُونَ لَهُۥ كَمَا يَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ وَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ عَلَىٰ شَيْءٍۚ أَلَآ إِنَّهُمْ هُمُ اْلْكَٰذِبُونَ} [المجادلة: 18]:

عن سعيدِ بن جُبَيرٍ، أنَّ ابنَ عباسٍ رضي الله عنهما حدَّثه، قال: «كان رسولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم في ظلِّ حُجْرةٍ مِن حُجَرِه، وعنده نَفَرٌ مِن المسلمين، قد كاد يَقلِصُ عنهم الظِّلُّ، قال: فقال: «إنَّه سيأتيكم إنسانٌ ينظُرُ إليكم بعَيْنَيْ شيطانٍ، فإذا أتاكم، فلا تُكلِّموه»، قال: فجاء رجُلٌ أزرَقُ، فدعاه رسولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فكلَّمَه، قال: «علامَ تَشتِمُني أنتَ، وفلانٌ، وفلانٌ؟»، نَفَرٌ دعَاهم بأسمائهم، قال: فذهَبَ الرَّجُلُ، فدعَاهم، فحلَفوا باللهِ واعتذَروا إليه، قال: فأنزَلَ اللهُ عز وجل: {فَيَحْلِفُونَ لَهُۥ كَمَا يَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ وَيَحْسَبُونَ ...} [المجادلة: 18] الآيةَ» أخرجه أحمد (2407).

* سورةُ (المجادلة):

سُمِّيت سورةُ (المجادلة) بهذا الاسم؛ لافتتاحها بقصَّة مجادلةِ امرأةِ أوس بن الصامت عند النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم.

وتُسمَّى كذلك بـ (قَدْ سَمِعَ)؛ لافتتاحها بهذا اللفظِ.

1. الظِّهار وكفَّارته (١-٤).

2. خَسارة مَن عادى اللهَ، وتعدَّى حدوده (٥-١٩).

3. حال أعداء الله، ومدحُ أوليائه (٢٠-٢٢).

ينظر: "التفسير الموضوعي لسور القرآن الكريم" لمجموعة من العلماء (8 /34).

يقول ابنُ عاشور رحمه الله عن مقصد السورةِ: «الحُكْمُ في قضيَّة مظاهرة أوسِ بن الصامت من زوجه خَوْلة.
وإبطالُ ما كان في الجاهلية من تحريم المرأة إذا ظاهَر منها زوجُها، وأن عملهم مخالفٌ لِما أراده الله، وأنه من أوهامهم وزُورِهم التي كبَتَهم اللهُ بإبطالها، وتخلَّصَ من ذلك إلى ضلالاتِ المنافقين؛ ومنها مناجاتُهم بمرأى المؤمنين ليَغِيظوهم ويحزُنوهم.
ومنها موالاتهم اليهودَ، وحَلِفُهم على الكذب، وتخلَّل ذلك التعرُّض لآداب مجلس الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم.

وشرع التصدُّق قبل مناجاة الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم.

والثناء على المؤمنين في مجافاتهم اليهودَ والمشركين.

وأن اللهَ ورسوله وحِزْبَهما هم الغالبون». "التحرير والتنوير" لابن عاشور (28 /6).