ترجمة سورة المجادلة

Dr. Ghali - English translation

ترجمة معاني سورة المجادلة باللغة الإنجليزية من كتاب Dr. Ghali - English translation.

Al-Mujadilah


Allah has already heard the saying of her that disputes with you concerning her spouse and complains to Allah; and Allah hears the two of you conversing together; surely Allah is Ever-Hearing, Ever-Beholding.

The ones of you who back away from their women, (i.e. their wives, to whom the husbands say, "Be as my mother's back." This is called ahihar, a pre-Islamic from of divorce) in no way are they their mothers; decidedly their mothers are none except those who gave birth (to) them, and surely they are saying a maleficent saying and a forgery. And surely Allah is indeed Ever-Clement, Ever-Forgiving.

And (the ones) who back away from their women and thereafter go back on what they have said, they shall then set free a neck (Literally: there should be a freeing of a neck, i.e., manumission of a slave) even before the two of them touch one another. By that you are admonished; and Allah is Ever-Cognizant of whatever you do.

Yet whoever does not find (a neck), then let him fast two months (Literally: there should be fasting of two months) following each other even before the two of them touch one another. So for him who is unable (to do so), then feeding sixty indigent persons is (incumbent on him). That (is so) that you may believe in Allah and His Messenger. And such are the bounds of Allah, and for the disbelievers is a painful torment.

Surely (the ones) who contravene Allah and His Messenger will be suppressed, even as the ones even before them were suppressed. And We have already sent down signs, supremely evident (signs), and for the disbelievers is a degrading torment.

(On) the Day when Allah will make them all together to rise again, then He will fully inform them of what they did Allah has enumerated it, and they have forgotten it; and Allah is Ever-Present Witness over everything.

Have you not seen that Allah knows whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth? In no way can there be a private conference among three (persons), except that He is the fourth of them, nor five (persons), except that He is the sixth of them, nor lesser than that, nor more except that He is with them, wherever they may be; thereafter He will fully inform them of whatever they have done, on the Day of the Resurrection. Surely Allah is Ever-Knowing of everything.

Have you not regarded (the ones) who were forbidden private (i.e., clandestine) conference? Thereafter they go back to what they were forbidden, and they confer privately together in vice and hostility, and in disobedience to the Messenger. And when they come to you, (The Prophet) they greet you with a greeting Allah has not greeted you with; and they say within themselves, "Had (your warning been true Allah would torment us for what we say!" Enough reckoning for them will be Hell, at which they will be to roast. Miserable then is the Destiny!.

O you who have believed, when you confer privately together, then do not confer privately in vice and all-pervading hostility and disobedience to the Messenger; and confer privately (together) in benignacy and piety; and be pious to Allah, to Whom you will be mustered.

Surely private conference is only of Ash-Shaytan, (The ever-Vicious (one), i.e., the Devil) that the ones who have believed may feel grieved; and he will not harm them anything, except by the permission of Allah, and in Allah then let the believers put their trust.

O you who have believed, when it is said to you, "Make room for yourselves in the assemblies, " then make room, (and Allah will make room for you. And when it is said, "Move up, " then move up Allah will raise in degrees the ones of you who have believed and the ones to whom knowledge has been brought; and Allah is Ever-Cognizant of whatever you do.

O you who have believed, when you confer privately with the Messenger, then before (Literally: between the two hands (of) your private conference with him, forward a donation; that is more charitable for you and purer. Yet if you do not find (any means), then surely Allah is Ever-Forgiving, Ever-Merciful.

D you (feel) timorous about forwarding donations before (Literally: between the two hands (of) your private conference? So, as you did not perform accordingly, and Allah has relented on you, then keep up the prayer, and bring the Zakat, (i.e., pay the door-dues) and obey Allah and His Messenger; and Allah is Ever-Cognizant of whatever you do.

Have you not regarded (the ones) who have taken for patrons a people with whom Allah is angry? In no way are they either of you or of them; and they swear to a lie, (while) they know it.

Allah has prepared for them a strict torment; surely (they should know) how odious is whatever they were doing.

They have taken to themselves their oaths as a pretext; so they barred from the way of Allah; then they will have a degrading torment.

Their riches (or) their children will never avail them anything against Allah; those are the companions (i.e., inhabitants) of the Fire; they are therein eternally (abiding (

(On) the Day when Allah will make them rise again all together, then they will swear to Him, as they swear to you, and reckon that they are on something. (i.e., they have some standing) Verily, it is surely they who are the liars.

Ash-Shaytan (The ever ) has gained a privilege over them; so he caused them to forget the Remembrance of Allah; those are Ash-Shaytan's party. Verily, Ash-Shaytan's party are (they) surely they, who are the losers!.

Surely the ones who contravene Allah and His Messenger, those are among the most humiliated.

Allah has written, "Indeed I will definitely overcome, I and My Messengers." Surely Allah is Ever-Powerful, Ever-Mighty.

You will not find any people who believe in Allah and the Last Day having affection for the ones who contravene Allah and His Messenger, even if they were their fathers, or their sons, or their brothers, or their kinsmen. (As for) those, He has written belief in their hearts, and He has aided them with a Spirit from Himself; and He will cause them to enter Gardens from beneath which rivers run, eternally (abiding) therein. Allah is satisfied with them, and they are satisfied with Him. Those are the party of Allah; verily the party of Allah are surely they (who) are the prosperers.
سورة المجادلة
معلومات السورة
الكتب
الفتاوى
الأقوال
التفسيرات

سورة (المجادلة) من السُّوَر المدنية، نزَلتْ لتحريم عادةٍ من عادات الجاهلية؛ وهي (الظِّهار)، وذلك في حادثةِ مظاهرة أوسِ بن الصامت مِن زوجِه خَوْلةَ، وقد جاءت السورةُ بمقصدٍ عظيم؛ وهو إثبات علمِ الله، وإحاطتِه بكل شيء، ومِن كمال ألوهيته سبحانه: الحُكْمُ العدل فيما يصلُحُ لهم من الشرائع، وخُتمت السورة ببيان حال أعداء الله، وحالِ أوليائه.

ترتيبها المصحفي
58
نوعها
مدنية
ألفاظها
475
ترتيب نزولها
105
العد المدني الأول
28
العد المدني الأخير
28
العد البصري
29
العد الكوفي
29
العد الشامي
28

* قوله تعالى: {قَدْ سَمِعَ اْللَّهُ قَوْلَ اْلَّتِي تُجَٰدِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَا وَتَشْتَكِيٓ إِلَى اْللَّهِ وَاْللَّهُ يَسْمَعُ تَحَاوُرَكُمَآۚ إِنَّ اْللَّهَ سَمِيعُۢ بَصِيرٌ} [المجادلة: 1]:

عن عائشةَ أمِّ المؤمنين رضي الله عنها، قالت: «الحمدُ للهِ الذي وَسِعَ سَمْعُه الأصواتَ، لقد جاءت خَوْلةُ إلى رسولِ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم تشكو زوجَها، فكان يَخفَى عليَّ كلامُها؛ فأنزَلَ اللهُ عز وجل: {قَدْ سَمِعَ اْللَّهُ قَوْلَ اْلَّتِي تُجَٰدِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَا} [المجادلة: 1] إلى آخرِ الآيةِ». أخرجه النسائي (٣٤٦٠)، وابن ماجه (١٨٨).

* قوله تعالى: {وَإِذَا جَآءُوكَ حَيَّوْكَ بِمَا لَمْ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ اْللَّهُ} [المجادلة: 8]:

عن عبدِ اللهِ بن عمرٍو رضي الله عنهما، قال: «إنَّ اليهودَ كانوا يقولون لرسولِ اللهِ ﷺ: سامٌ عليك! ثم يقولون في أنفسِهم: {لَوْلَا يُعَذِّبُنَا اْللَّهُ بِمَا نَقُولُۚ} [المجادلة: 8]؛ فنزَلتْ هذه الآيةُ: {وَإِذَا جَآءُوكَ حَيَّوْكَ بِمَا لَمْ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ اْللَّهُ} [المجادلة: 8] إلى آخرِ الآيةِ». أخرجه أحمد (٦٥٨٩).

* قوله تعالى: {وَيَحْلِفُونَ عَلَى اْلْكَذِبِ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ} [المجادلة: 14]:

عن عبدِ اللهِ بن عباسٍ رضي الله عنهما، قال: «قال رسولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم: «يدخُلُ عليكم رجُلٌ ينظُرُ بعينِ شيطانٍ، أو بعَيْنَيْ شيطانٍ»، قال: فدخَلَ رجُلٌ أزرَقُ، فقال: يا مُحمَّدُ، علامَ سبَبْتَني -أو: شتَمْتَني، أو نحوَ هذا-؟ قال: وجعَلَ يَحلِفُ، قال: فنزَلتْ هذه الآيةُ في المجادلةِ: {وَيَحْلِفُونَ عَلَى اْلْكَذِبِ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ} [المجادلة: 14]، والآيةُ الأخرى». أخرجه أحمد (٢١٤٧).

قال محقِّقو "المسند" (4 /48): «قوله: «فقال: يا مُحمَّدُ، علامَ سبَبْتَني؟»؛ كذا جاء في جميع الأصول، وكذلك هو في "مسند البزار"، وزيادة: «يا محمد» - كما قال الشيخُ أحمد شاكر- خطأٌ ينافي السياق؛ فإن الذي نُسِب إليه السبُّ والشَّتم هنا هو المنافقُ الأزرق، ورسولُ الله يَسأله ويتَّهِمُه، وهو يَحلِف كاذبًا يَتبرَّأ من التُّهمة، وقد جاء في "تفسير الطبري" على الصواب بإسقاطِ هذه الزيادة، وسيأتي على الصواب أيضًا عند أحمد (2407)»، انظر السبب الآتي.

* قوله تعالى: {يَوْمَ يَبْعَثُهُمُ اْللَّهُ جَمِيعٗا فَيَحْلِفُونَ لَهُۥ كَمَا يَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ وَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ عَلَىٰ شَيْءٍۚ أَلَآ إِنَّهُمْ هُمُ اْلْكَٰذِبُونَ} [المجادلة: 18]:

عن سعيدِ بن جُبَيرٍ، أنَّ ابنَ عباسٍ رضي الله عنهما حدَّثه، قال: «كان رسولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم في ظلِّ حُجْرةٍ مِن حُجَرِه، وعنده نَفَرٌ مِن المسلمين، قد كاد يَقلِصُ عنهم الظِّلُّ، قال: فقال: «إنَّه سيأتيكم إنسانٌ ينظُرُ إليكم بعَيْنَيْ شيطانٍ، فإذا أتاكم، فلا تُكلِّموه»، قال: فجاء رجُلٌ أزرَقُ، فدعاه رسولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فكلَّمَه، قال: «علامَ تَشتِمُني أنتَ، وفلانٌ، وفلانٌ؟»، نَفَرٌ دعَاهم بأسمائهم، قال: فذهَبَ الرَّجُلُ، فدعَاهم، فحلَفوا باللهِ واعتذَروا إليه، قال: فأنزَلَ اللهُ عز وجل: {فَيَحْلِفُونَ لَهُۥ كَمَا يَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ وَيَحْسَبُونَ ...} [المجادلة: 18] الآيةَ» أخرجه أحمد (2407).

* سورةُ (المجادلة):

سُمِّيت سورةُ (المجادلة) بهذا الاسم؛ لافتتاحها بقصَّة مجادلةِ امرأةِ أوس بن الصامت عند النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم.

وتُسمَّى كذلك بـ (قَدْ سَمِعَ)؛ لافتتاحها بهذا اللفظِ.

1. الظِّهار وكفَّارته (١-٤).

2. خَسارة مَن عادى اللهَ، وتعدَّى حدوده (٥-١٩).

3. حال أعداء الله، ومدحُ أوليائه (٢٠-٢٢).

ينظر: "التفسير الموضوعي لسور القرآن الكريم" لمجموعة من العلماء (8 /34).

يقول ابنُ عاشور رحمه الله عن مقصد السورةِ: «الحُكْمُ في قضيَّة مظاهرة أوسِ بن الصامت من زوجه خَوْلة.
وإبطالُ ما كان في الجاهلية من تحريم المرأة إذا ظاهَر منها زوجُها، وأن عملهم مخالفٌ لِما أراده الله، وأنه من أوهامهم وزُورِهم التي كبَتَهم اللهُ بإبطالها، وتخلَّصَ من ذلك إلى ضلالاتِ المنافقين؛ ومنها مناجاتُهم بمرأى المؤمنين ليَغِيظوهم ويحزُنوهم.
ومنها موالاتهم اليهودَ، وحَلِفُهم على الكذب، وتخلَّل ذلك التعرُّض لآداب مجلس الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم.

وشرع التصدُّق قبل مناجاة الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم.

والثناء على المؤمنين في مجافاتهم اليهودَ والمشركين.

وأن اللهَ ورسوله وحِزْبَهما هم الغالبون». "التحرير والتنوير" لابن عاشور (28 /6).